◎Clinically, bronchial intubation is usually used to perform one-lung ventilation (OLV) during video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS), which can easily damage the airway and increase OLV resistance. The successful completion rate of the operation is low, and it is difficult for newborns. In other words, the risk of secondary injury is extremely serious. Therefore, a new type of OLV device, the bronchial blocker (BB), was clinically developed, which can effectively solve the problem of one-lung ventilation in newborns and patients with difficult airways. In addition, the use of BB for OLV can effectively avoid the occurrence of airway narrowing, enable good ventilation of one lung, reduce lung tissue damage, and facilitate the early stabilization of children's vital signs after surgery, effectively shortening the time in the intensive care unit, and early The extubation time is beneficial to the prognosis of children, and at the same time makes up for the difficulty of double-lumen bronchial intubation in patients with difficult airways, patients after tracheostomy, children, patients who need indwelling catheter for mechanical ventilation after surgery, and patients with abnormal airway anatomy.