ANEP dyes are molecules that fluoresce in response to changes in electrical potential in their environment. These are fast-response probes that operate due to changes in their electronic structure and changes in their fluorescence properties in response to changes in the surrounding electric field. Their optical response is fast enough to detect transient (millisecond) changes in electrical potential in excitable cells, including single neurons, heart cells, and intact brains. However, the magnitude of their potential-dependent fluorescence changes is usually small; fast-response probes typically display 2-10% fluorescence changes per 100 mV. Furthermore, these dyes display potential-dependent changes in the excitation spectra, allowing quantitative determination of membrane potential using excitation ratio measurements.

Learn more about ionic indicators including calcium, potassium, pH and membrane potential indicators›

Potential Sensitive ANEP Dye Specifications:
• Zwitterionic molecules , less sensitive to internalization than bi-4-ANEPPS, allowing for extended observations
• with models The maximum excitation/emission wavelength bound to the phospholipid membrane is ∼465/635 nm (but the spectral characteristics are highly dependent on the environment)
• Does not fluoresce before binding to the membrane
• Soluble in ethanol, DMSO and DMF (Di-2-ANEPEQ is a water-soluble ANEP dye)
• By using Pluronic™ F-127 or retrograde labeling, the stock solution is added directly to the cell culture medium to introduce the dye into the cells
• Rapid response probes , suitable for detecting sub-millisecond membrane potential changes

Potential probe applications
Due to K+, Na+ and Cl- concentration gradients (maintained through active transport processes), The transmembrane potential of the cytoplasmic membrane is typically about -70 mV (negative internally). Potentiometric probes provide an indirect method of detecting the translocation of these ions.

Increases and decreases in membrane potential are known as membrane hyperpolarization and depolarization, respectively, and play a central role in many physiological processes including nerve impulse propagation, muscle contraction, cell signaling, and ion channel gating. effect. Potentiometric probes are important tools for studying these processes.

Find more ANEP dyes
We offer ANEP dyes in many forms. For more information about these probes, please view the Molecular Probes™ Handbook Fast Response Probes - Section 22.2.

For scientific research use only. Not for therapeutic or diagnostic use in humans or animals.